GENDER AND POLITENESS IN AN ESL LANGUAGE ACADEMIC CONTEXT Research Paper - 1

GENDER AND POLITENESS IN AN ESL LANGUAGE ACADEMIC CONTEXT - Research Paper Example There are several ways in which members of a particular gender express themselves politely. Globally, there are various ways of expressing oneself be it with his/her peers or the elderly, or the use jargon depending on the context, the consideration of all these elements boils down to the varied linguistic expressions of politeness by both males and females Linguistics is the study of language. Language is the total whole of meanings and sound. It is the mode of communication between genders and thus for there to be a sense of politeness in an academic context, the following must be addressed. The context of a school setting is that of a teacher, student and other non teaching staff and due to the different backgrounds students have, the expression of politeness varies between the male and female students Literature review According to (Wehmeier, 2000) politeness are defined as having respect and good manners in consideration of the feelings of others. The theory of linguistic polite ness by Brown and Levinson holds that the individuals face is interpreted as self image seen publicly. (Grundy, 2008) notes that the faces of human beings are properties comparable to self esteem. (Kitamura, 2000) notes that the face notion is classified into two, that is the positive and the negative. On one hand, the positive face represents the similarities that exist between people interacting and appreciate each other’s self image while on the other hand; the negative face represents the desire to be unrestricted. These theorists argue that interact ants mutually aim to maintain each other’s face. (Holmes, 2006) notes that ideally, one can never know what people are feeling or thinking in a conversation, thus try to construe what is conveyed to them through communication For the sake of harmony in a given society, politeness strategy is essential and thus employed in conversations. This is so as (Bowe & Martin, 2007) note that face can be maintained, lost, enhance d and monitored during interactions. According to (Bowe & Martin, 2009) citing Brown and Levinson, the face is threatened by inappropriate behavior or acts. (Holmes, 2006) points out that this situation is assessed through three operational defined factors: the social distance (D) between partners, the ranking of the imposition (R) shared in the word of the appropriate culture and the power (P) of the addressee over the speaker. The seriousness of these acts therefore can be easily measured and assessed. With regard to gender, it argues that women are linguistically more polite than the men. The use of minimal responses like yeah and mhm demonstrates active participation, agreement and therefore used by both sexes. The use of questions for men, normally, it is genuine while for women it’s more of a rhetoric question and therefore use it more for conversation’s sake, with regard to writing, both use it as a literacy tool. In conversation, meaning is determined by the pe rson listening depending on his/her concerns, focus and habits rather than the will intended for. Women seem to attach more weight to the significance of listening rather than men. The use of verbal aggressiveness is used more so by women and physical aggression is used more by men. The issue of self

Substance Misuse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Substance Misuse - Essay Example On the other hand, many individuals who happen to be victims of this disorder may not be similarly motivated, and retaining them in the treatment table will require the clinician to adapt the assessment process to their level of insight and motivational state. This will often call for the extension of the treatment phase over time rather than attempting to acquire all the information regarding the patient at once so that the clinician can tailor the intervention to the individual’s particular stage of change. A full assessment of an individual’s substance abuse and/or dependence may need to be gathered in pieces over time, with details being added to the initial picture when the individual is in a position to share information that is pertinent to the pattern of his or her condition and more motivated to think about change (Rasool 2009). Causes of substance abuseThe causes of substance abuse and/or dependence are complex as they encompass social, economic and educationa l factors. However, the immediate treatment of this condition must address the underlying cause of substance abuse and/or treatment which includes poverty, inadequate health care, ethnic discrimination, hunger, and an inefficient educational system. Since these causes range from environmental, psychological, informational and social factors, it is evident that not even a persuasive campaign can address these factors at once. By implication, researchers are of the idea that a lack of information regarding the nature of substance abuse.

Term Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Term Paper - Essay Example This aspect of Edna’s awakening is important for the status of Chopin as a writer, for she portrays her heroine above but not of culture which Edna desperately tried to grasp. Whatever feminist beliefs Kate Chopin held, she makes it clear that Edna is largely unaware of- and certainly unconcerned with- the reasons for her actions and that her awakening is a realization of her sensual nature, not of her equality or freedom as an individual. Some critics tend to associate Chopin’s novel to the feminist tract; however, Chopin’s motives tend to be of a Naturalist rather than Feminist, for much of Chopin’s portrait of Edna depends upon the Lousiana Creole setting she chose and the naturalistic literary convention of her day. Chopin concentrated to a greater degree on the life of sensation and careless enjoyment that the Creoles lived. Creole society occupied the southern half of Lousiana. The descendants of French and Spanish colonists of the eighteenth century , the Creoles were bound by Catholicism, strong family ties, and a common language. The cultural patterns of the Creole society have been romanticized by local colorists like Chopin in their works. Through her characterization of Edna, she wanted to scrutinize the Creole society and its reputation for an easygoing attitude. For this purpose, Chopin has not placed her heroine in a rigidly moralistic environment. She eloquently translates Edna’s feelings, her emotions and experiences when she enters the ‘sensuous’ Creole environment. Chopin reproduced this little world through her naturalistic techniques with no intention to shock or make a point, rather for her these were the conditions of civility. This attitude of the novelist clarify Edna’s position as an outsider, whose behavior is not shocking or inexplicable, for her position allows Chopin to deal with the clash of two cultures. Edna’s awakening is a product of the clash of cultures that she ex periences. It is important to note that Edna initially finds it difficult to participate in the easy intimacy of the Creoles. She describes herself as â€Å"self-contained†, and remains largely so until the end of the novel, in the sense that she incorporates no doctrine or set of principles outside herself. However, she does become a fully sexual being. Therefore, her awakening is more or less a sexual one rather than an approach towards an independent self. Her approach is rather physical in terms of her leaving her husband’s house and entering her own independent house named as â€Å"pigeon house†. Here, it is important to note that Chopin carefully translates Edna’s new-found independence in the imagery of â€Å"pigeon house†. As the name suggests the house gives an impression of a trapped existence, which can never free itself from the bounds of sensual nature of the Creole society. That is to say, though Edna tries to form a new identity she is still entrapped in the male dominated society guided by her own unconscious longing for Robert Leburn. Edna’s actions are partly the result of her will, in allowing herself expose to Robert’s charms, and mainly the result of her position in the Creole society. Her sexual awakening begins with the flirtations of Robert, but it is apparent

Analysis the Song The Way We Were Essay Example for Free

Analysis the Song The Way We Were Essay There is a song—a love song that has touched several hundred thousand audiences’ hearts; it expresses the overflowing feelings of a woman who used to live in her intense true love. â€Å"The Way We Were,† by Alan Bergman, Marilyn Bergman, and Marvin Hamlisch illustrates the innermost emotions and regret of a middle-aged woman when she reflects on the youth which she had gone through. This song has a light beat and slow tempo forming delightful sensations for the listeners, but it also leaves audiences a profound message to think about. Sophisticated audiences may find themselves in the song. It brings out fervor, especially for people who have been living in love. Marilyn Bergman uses simple words, but it is very touching and emotive. Basically, it is a classical song which was played by symphony orchestras and performed by Barbra Streisand. By just looking at the lyrics, one would feel the sentimental soul and an introspective mind of a sensitive woman. In the first line of the song, she writes â€Å"Memories, light the corners of my mind. Misty watercolor memories of the way we were. These memories have been engraved in her heart; they are neither gloomy nor euphoric, but they are vivid images which she wants to repress in the most innermost sphere of her mind. It is not just something very hurtful; it is not blissful to think of either. Her feeling is a mixture of nostalgia, melancholy, and a little bit of regret that is rushing through her body. Former familiar scenes were depicted in her mind, but, somehow, t hey are both painted with watercolor and blurred, symbolizing a mystical ethereal world that solely exists in her imagination and belongs to her only. Near the middle of the song she wonders, â€Å"If we had the chance to do it all again. Tell me would we? Could we? † She already knows her former love would never come back again; the melody sounds like she is missing and regretting her loss of love. The term â€Å"Would we? Could we? † is deliberately sung slowly and softly as mumbling is also a way to convey her thoughts. Despite her haunting regret, she prefers keeping that regret to making up her love again because she knows wistful moments and romantic longings that she has right now wouldnt exist if her love remained today. It is such an uncanny feeling and an agonizing struggle between the logic and the sentiment of a human being. The last couple lines expose changes in her mood, â€Å"Memories may be beautiful and yet whats too painful to remember. We simply choose to forget, so its the laughter we will remember whenever we remember the way we were. † She used to live in love with both happiness and bitterness, but she had to learn how to forget unpleasant experiences to keep the most exquisite feelings inside herself. Does she â€Å"simply† choose to forget? It is not something easy to do. The way Barbra Streisand sings shows internal struggling when she decides to get rid of mental pains. The word â€Å"laughter† here is not simply something funny and delightful to laugh at; it is also a pang of remorse and regret about the love and the youth that are gone from her life. Marilyn Bergman used simple words to describe emotion of the woman in this song, so it is quite easy for listeners to apprehend the meaning; however, its melody and the way Barbra Streisand performs it, the most essential factor, helps the song convey the message to audiences . The intended stress in every single word of her lyrics is absolutely touching. For example, the word â€Å"smiles† in the second line was purposely lengthened to give a hint to the audiences so that they can comprehend the whole significance of the song. It is a beautiful song evoking diverse memories for listeners. Each listener will feel and interpret the song in different ways depending on their character and their personal experiences. However, one thing for sure is that these audiences will feel more appreciative of people around them so that they will not be regretful later on.

Research Paper: Elections 2008 - Barack Obama -- American Politics

Currently, America is facing various hardships such as struggling economy, poor health care, two wars, pollution, excessive relying on exported oil and illegal immigration. Both Barack Obama and John McCain expressed in the campaigns their points of views and possible solutions for these problems. Obama, the candidate from the Democratic Party, proposed answers on improvements on situation in the United States. One of the major issues nowadays is the health care. There are many reasons why it is so controversial and needs a lot of attention from the future president. In the past eight years, health insurance prices have grown 3.7 times faster than wages. Many insurance plans do not cover a number of doctor’s visits. In addition to that, over forty-five million Americans don’t have any health insurance at all. Most of these people just cannot afford their medical bills. Dramatically rising health care costs are also making it increasingly difficult for small businesses and other employers to provide insurance to their employees. (â€Å"Barack Obama and Joe Biden’s Plan to Lower Health Care Costs and Ensure Affordable, Accessible Health Coverage for All,† par 1) Barack Obama believes that government-run health care or insurances supplied by government are wrong. He proposes a plan that combines the two types of health care system into one. The plan would â€Å"strengthen employer coverage, make insurance companies accountable and ensure patient choice of doctor and care without government interference.† (â€Å"Plan for a Healthy America,† par 1, 2) Under Obama’s plan, everyone can keep his or her current health insurance and all the insurances will cost about $2,500 per year. Those who don’t have insurance would have many affordable options to ... ...9/opinion/19tue1.html?_r=1&scp=1&sq=in%20search%2 0of%20 a%20real%20urban%20policy&st=cse&oref=slogin.>. Ivanovich, David. â€Å"Obama Likely to Tackle Energy Early on.† Chron.com 8 Nov. 2008. 11 Nov. 2008 . â€Å"New Energy for America.† Obama ‘08 08 11Nov. 2008 . â€Å"Obama-Biden vs. McCain-Palin: Record on Women.† Obama ‘08 11 Nov. 2008 . â€Å"Plan for a Healthy America.† Obama ‘08 11 Nov. 2008 . â€Å"Plan for Ending the War in Iraq.† Obama ‘08 11 Nov. 2008 . â€Å"Plan to Stimulate Urban Prosperity.† Obama ‘08 11 Nov. 2008 .

Reporting Practices and Ethics Essay

Introduction Reporting practices and ethical standards are the most important building blocks that are needed to build a successful health care organization or any business. These reporting practices and ethical standards prove to be the upmost important practices in any health care organization. When reviewing all the variables and factors, one considers the principals listed in the generally accepted accounting principles. There are several factors to consider and inforce these principles in an organization. To successfully implement generally accepted accounting principles and execute corporate compliance, an organization should consider in order for building a successful organization; ethics, fraud and abuse are all key components for maintaining a successful health care or business organization. A successful organization cannot be successful unless they integrate and implement the four elements for financial management. In order to implement and execute the four element of financial management for a successful organization, the four elements should be implemented and carried out in full on a daily basis for every procedure and operation within the organization. Controlling, planning, organizing, and decision making are the four components every business and/or health care organization should adopt. The four elements are the keys to every good business ethics and standards to maintain a successful organization. Four Elements of Financial Management The planning stage of the four elements of financial management proves this stage, is vital to set goals for a healthcare organization end to end with its execution of this stage and the other four elements. The next element of financial management is the controlling stage and in this important stage the organization must set goals for their organization and that each goal is executed and carried out. A perfect example of how an administrator /director/ manager in a healthcare organization can control their  organization is to conduct audits of the department they oversee. Decision making is defined as the overall performance of the other three elements and determination on wither or not the overall performance of the other elements. The success of this can be measured Decision making in conjunction with the other elements and the overall performance and success of other 3 elements ultimately determines decision making elements. Examples, if the organization exceeds the funds budgeted and find they are over budget, the decision making element comes in to play to review these items over budget and make an action plan to correct and/or prevent in the future. The four components are a vitally in financial management there are also other important principals and standards. The Generally accepted accounting principles and general financial ethical standards along with corporate compliance, ethics, or fraud and abuse are equally important separately and combined. The four functions of management help the facilities function properly and give the management the opportunity to resolve any issue or obstacle that may present as well as the opportunity to growth and make them better to perform and utilized the resources around them. Management is responsible for beginning the process for procedure or task at hand and sustaining the actual method of internal control that is set by the organization. It is important that management/ administrator/ director to oversee and maintain the budget control. The manager/admin/director overseeing the budget should be knowledgeable of how to control the budget and in order to maintain budget control, they should regulate to increase productivity and be familiar with assets, financial reporting and account summary. Every cooptation or health care organization is necessitate to meet the satisfactory operational needs, consequently cash management function helps any organization begin to create a set of policies and procedures to ensure that federal funds are not withdraw unreasonable from the organization and payments are made properly to the programs (Ethics and Compliances May 1994). According to Ethical Behavior by Companies Benefit Society and Business (November 13, 2010), when applying ethical business practices, says that business should ensure that the production of its services should be environmentally ecological and every human involve in the production should not be dangerous or harmful for them. Ethical practices involve the strong financial reporting as well as consideration  for the social and environmental impact of the business. Audit reports help the organizations know the financial condition of the organization for Health Care or any other business as well as the result of the organization’s day to day internal operations. Audits are helpful when following the practices of financial reporting practices of the organization can serve as a checks and balances and a great tool for capturing financial data, if management checks the financial audit reports often. Financial reports explain in detail how the organization is doing and prevents negative numbers on the company because it records any procedure and activity that happens in the organization (Ethics and Compliances. May 1994). According to American College of Physicians (Snyder. 2012), the environment for the delivery of health care continues to change. Sites of care are shifting, with more care provided in ambulatory settings while the intensity of inpatient care increases. Generally Accepted Accounting Principals â€Å"The phrase â€Å"generally accepted accounting principles† is a technical account term that encompasses the conventions, rules, and procedures necessary to define accepted accounting practice at a particular time. Generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) are concerned with the measurement of economic activity, the timed when such measurements are to be made and recorded, the disclosures surrounding this activity, and the preparation and presentation of summarized economic information in the form of financial statements (Bragg, 2012). Generally accepted accounting principles also known as GAAP to understand the definition better, GAAP are guidelines that one should follow when trying to establish proper financial documents and reports. With these guidelines to follow, it was easier to maintain the financial reporting’s for all fields, including healthcare. The generally accepted accounting principles were held in the highest regard. The guidelines of the GAAP have had a high authority when it came to determining financial practices in healthcare. The GAAP influence has dwindled if not stopped. It was stated that it was not required for hospitals, nursing homes or any kind of healthcare facility to adhere to the GAAP (Taebel 1995). It has been documented that the guidelines of the GAAP has caused facilities to lose money, even though they knew what was best about recognizing costs. It has  been suggested that is not required to make decisions based off of the general accepted accounting principles. Capital costs are reimbursed according to a prospective payment system; providers are being paid a predetermined amount regardless of GAAP issues (Taebel, 1995). Conclusion There are countless of different ways that we can touch bases on to understand the importance of a cohesive financial department. It is essential to its success to be ethically compliant and to follow through with policy and procedure. It is up to the financial managers to execute and enforce proper guidelines. In conclusion, there are four elements of the financial structure that is the basis for a financial department’s success which are planning, controlling, organizing and decision making. With this information we were able to understand and summarize more in depth the importance of generally accepted accounting principles and general financial ethical standards. Finally, we were able to view examples in those respecting terms and gain understanding from them. By compiling all of these elements together can guarantee a solid financial department in any healthcare facility. References American College of Physicians (2010) Ethics in Practice: Managed Care and the Changing Health Care Environment. Retrieved 11/13/2010 from http://www.annals.org/content/ Bragg, Steven M. Wiley GAAP 2012: Interpretation and Application of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (10th Edition). Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, 2011. ProQuest ebrary. Web1 May 2015. Ethics and Compliances Retrieved 11/13/2010 from http://www.miamivalleyhospital.org/mvhdefault.aspx?id=12746 (May 1994) Snyder L, for the American College of Physicians Ethics, Professionalism, and Human Rights Committee. American College of Physicians Ethics Manual: Sixth Edition. Ann Intern Med. 2012;156:73-104. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-156-1-201201031-00001 Taebel, S.W. (1995, October). Supreme Court ruling reduces GAAP’s authority in Medicare cases. Healthcare Financial Management, 49(10)

Come Out the Wilderness: Character Analysis

â€Å"Come Out the Wilderness† James Baldwin’s â€Å"Come out the Wilderness,† presents the mentally isolated Ruth Bowman’s thoughts about men and her unwillingness to forget past relations. Growing up as a child, Ruth is sexually harassed by a guy whom her parents and brother think she is voluntarily sexually involved with. The events that happen in a previous era was a stepping stone into a life of low-self esteem and much insecurity that follows. The uncontrollable event causes her to be dependent on men and to have uncertainty in relationships. Ruth is educated in school, and she uses her skills on her job as a secretary, which she is promoted to.Ruth is a complicated woman in her thoughts as well as her actions. The feeling of not being wanted circulates Ruth’s mind. The memories of changed perceptions on her part by her family, devastates her. She has had past relationships but to no prevail in finding true happiness. Life in her eyes is chara cterized by being with a man who rarely acknowledges her features as a woman. He merely acknowledges when his urges have arisen and are in need of satisfying. Marriage to her seems as if a man is living with her whom she wants to love her and make her feel special ; though that is not the case. The relationship she has is inexplicable.Life may seem barren to a woman of Ruth’s nature. She goes to bars every night in hopes of time passing as she waits for her husband to get home. Ruth believes her husband has another woman, but does not obsess with the thought. She simply lives with his decisions whatever they may be, because she is dependent on him. Ruth is comparable to old-time wives in the way she allows her husband to do whatever he wants maybe because of masculinity or perhaps the doubt of him coming home. That signifies defeat, on her part, in the game of life. Ruth does not have any stability in her relationship with Paul, and it is filled with disbelief.She is unsure i f he loves her still, or wants her around, and what he thinks of her appearance. â€Å"She could not help feeling that he treated her this way because of her color, because she was a colored girl† (378). Ruth has many doubts towards Paul and his actions. She does not truly know why he gets home late. Paul proclaims he is working at those times, but Ruth suspects wrong conjectures. Ruth is dominated by Paul in her yielding persona towards him. Ruth is unsure if she even wants to take the secretary job her boss gives her. She reluctantly accepts in order to better her career. She is also victim to gossip she proclaims to her boss.The situation when her boss walks with her during lunch evidently means he has an obsession with Ruth. Though he likes Ruth, she cannot bring herself to commit adultery typed deeds. Even though her self-esteem is low she does not accept his flattery genuinely because of her own moral code. Flattery does not even help with her self-esteem issues. She is committed to her job and takes it seriously even though she awaits a call from Paul when she is at work. Ruth gets her work done and does not pay attention to the other women at her job because she is not focused on the idle topics of their gossip filled conversations.She is filled with information on their subjects. Ruth is the type of woman who is there for her husband even if he is not there for her and her endeavors. The relationship they have is lazy and needs reconstruction if there are hopes for it to persist. Ruth does her best to please Paul as far as cleaning and cooking. She tries to look good for him but no acknowledgment leads her to believe her actions are in vein. She often day dreams about past relationships compared to her relationship with Paul. She is always reminded of her dirty past, â€Å"She bawled at last: ‘Goddamit, I wish I had, I wish I had.I might as well of done it! ‘ Her father slapped her. Her brother gave her a look and said: ‘You dirty†¦ you dirty†¦ you black and dirty' † (382). Ruth hates her husband for not ending the tiring relationship and wishes them both dead. She smokes cigarettes because of her depression. The cigarettes may also symbolize her attempt to join her husband in a similar trait, to have something in common. Insecurities in Ruth’s life prevent her from being happy although she is married. Marriage does not hide the fact that two people are not happy; though she does attract attention from her boss Mr.Davis. She walks and has a conversation with him about life. She and Paul have tension between each other in an environmental way. Ruth thinks her relationship with Paul is heading to an end. | â€Å"She knew that he was going to leave her. It was in his walk, his talk, and his eyes. He wanted to go. He had already moved back, crouching to leap. And she had no rival. He was not going to another woman. He simply wanted to go. It would happen today, tomorrow, three weeks from today; it was over she could do nothing about it; neither could she save herself by umping first, She had no place to go, she only wanted him. She tried hard to want other men, and she was still young, only twenty-six, and there was no real lack of opportunity. But all she knew about other men was that they were not Paul. † (Baldwin 378) Ruth has many realizations in her life that include her past mistakes that she continues to make relationship wise; she picks the wrong guys In her own mind. The cycle stated with musician named Arthur, he is twenty years older than Ruth. She did not love him; she just couldn’t escape his domination.She also knew a merchant seaman who whored around a lot. She liked him but loneliness in him was like a cancer, which was unfit for intercourse. The difference or main difference between the two, Arthur and the seaman is the fact that Arthur offered more as in life and education. Paul is the only one she loves but does not know if he lo ves her anymore. She does not even know if she loves him. She cannot leave because he is her husband and she just cannot go through with the action. Ruth gives up so much in her life to please her man that characteristic prevents her from living in happiness. She was in a reckless, desperate state, like flight. She knew that she could not possibly go home to cook supper and wait in an empty apartment until Paul's key turned apartment door's lock (388). †Ã‚  Ã‚   Happiness does not follow Ruth though she has the chance to find it; she passes on it every time Ruth cannot function without a man ; that is why she is so dependent on them. She will never be at peace in life with her mind set and the way she carries herself. Self-esteem is important in a relationship but Ruth has non-to-little of that trait. Even when Mr.Davis her boss treats her with great respect in order to please and woo her; his attempts are flaunted by her dependent attitude towards Paul. The obvious assumption that Mr. Davis is better for her is evident. Her misfortunes are to continue if her dependent thoughts continue. Those actions will lead her nowhere in life and in her relationship. Ruth is a strange minded person who needs help to get over the man who shows no care for her which is Paul. | | Ruth is dependent on her husband Paul physically and mentally, which prevents her from moving on even though there is no love in the past relationship; seemingly. She did not want to be friends with him nor desire their friendship become anything more (Baldwin 387). † All of Ruth’s failures result from her family and their perception of her. She shows all the symptoms of depression in her house and life. Marriage is the step she takes to not be alone. Sexual Harassment can change a person’s thoughts on life and the struggles in it drastically. That can also influence what is in her life and the people she has in it. Ruth has had a rough life and there may not be any turning back from disaster. Ruth is alone as she sees in her mind.Ruth Bowman is a woman with much insecurity from past events that prevents her from moving on in life. She is a woman with many skills and talents. She has no love shown towards her by the person she wants to see it shown from. Ruth is mistakenly accused by her family and leaves out of despair. She is taken care of by an aspiring musician by the name of Arthur. Arthur provides her with education and flattery. She leaves Arthur and gets in a relationship with Paul whose love for her gets weak and eventually is not shown towards her. Mr. Davis, her boss, shows an obsession towards her as they walk and talk together.She wonders why Paul will not leave because it is evident that he shows no love towards her. Ruth wishes to profess her love, but acts as if everything is ok with she and Paul. Ruth acknowledges her role as a wife and succumbs to the domination of Paul, as well as, the other gentlemen that showed interest in her. Ru th is in a time period where men are the dominant humans while women’s ideals mean nothing. Ruth’s despair is what causes her depression other than her bad luck with men. She is the prime example of a woman guided by a man. Ruth has a kind heart, but that is not enough to keep her pleased.

buy custom Research Design in the Dissertation Process essay

buy custom Research Design in the Dissertation Process essay 1 Introduction Research methodology is a composite of research methods. Research methods analyze the procedures and principles of inquiry being applied during the evaluation of a certain discipline. This implies that the important concepts of research methodology in effect apply to research methods. The steps followed in a research method commences with a general question which is later narrowed down to a certain aspect. The aspect is designed for an exhaustive examination. Lastly, the research is concluded where the results are generalized before being disseminated to the public (Neuman, 2003). This paper examines the concepts that are applied in research methods as well as their design when undertaking a dissertation process. 2 Research Research work is organized through the formulation as well as the definition of a research problem. Problem definition involves the art of reasoning aimed at using detailed facts to define a general principle. During a research process, this principle is referred to as a hypothesis. A hypothesis is defined as the suggested account to a physical process. Problem definition helps in focusing the research process in a way that facilitates drawing of conclusions which in effect reflect the real world as much as possible. 2.1 Hypothesis Research is a process of evaluating a hypothesis with the aim of disproving it. The hypothesis under evaluation is referred to as the null hypothesis. The null hypothesis is the proposal that represents the present explanation of an aspect in the real world which the researcher wishes to challenge. Research methodology requires the researcher to provide a research hypothesis, commonly called the alternative hypothesis, as a substitute way of explaining the phenomenon (Bruce, 2007). The alternative hypothesis is formulated following the observation that the null hypothesis does not always give a precise explanation for a phenomenon. The researcher then proceeds with testing the hypothesis in an attempt to disprove the null hypothesis. His objective in testing of the hypothesis is to draw near the answer to the problem that is being evaluated. 2.2 Variables A variable is an agent or amount that is liable to change depending on certain factors. While some variables appear almost constant, for example, names of persons; others are seem to be constantly changing, for instance, the values in a stock-exchange (Bruce, 2007). Frequently, researchers have to measure and assess these variables; a scenario that necessitated their sober consideration in this paper. As pointed out earlier, a variable is a place-holder for anything that is liable to change. A researcher normally defines variables depending on what he/she is measuring. Apart from their rate of change, variables are classified into two broad categories: independent and dependent variables. While independent variables are the causes tha a researcher seeks to measure, dependent variables are the effects or assumed effects that come as a result of interaction between the independent variables and several other factors. The two categories of variables are commonly stated in hypotheses used during experimental researches. In some instances, the variables are not identifiable beforehand. In such a case, the researchers idea of what is going on is usually inadequate during the early stages of the inquiry. Variables are defined into measurable elements that facilitate accurate replication in research processes using fuzzy concepts (Bruce, 2007). These fuzzy concepts are vague ideas that us ually require clarification, and this clarification is done through the application of a procedure called operationalization. 3 Analysis A careful choice of a research method eases the analysis of a phenomenon thereby facilitating the procedure of drawing conclusions. The research method that is chosen has a bearing on what is stated as the causes, as well as the influencing factors in the phenomenon. Therefore, a researcher should choose a method that he is proficient in, also weigh the constraints which may affect his work. These constraints include time, ethical considerations, feasibility, money, and the measuring tools available. Selecting the right method can be challenging at times. Nevertheless, there are concepts which make the selection procedure appeal to researchers. A researcher needs to be realistic also try to minimize generalization and compromises (Bruce, 2007). With pure sciences like astrophysics and chemistry, experimentation and research methods are easily defined. Usually, the experimental methods are strictly quantitative. Fields such as social science, biology, and psychology have a broad selection of methods. In this case, a researcher is required to justify his/her choice. Although the selection process is arbitrary, it is recommended that the choice be based on strengths of the method. Strength means the effectiveness to draw a near perfect conclusion of an inquiry. In this paper, three basic categories of research methods are elaborated. They include experimental methods, opinion based methods, and observational methods. 3.1 Experimental Research Methods This is a straightforward method that involves experimenting with independent and quantitative variables with the aim of generating analyzable statistical data. It is ratio based, and researchers either accept or refute null hypotheses (Neuman, 2003). It is, however, expensive and requires rigorous designing, particularly when the experiment is large. Additionally, it is undesirable when using living organisms. This is because removing them from their natural environment affects their behavior. It is also inapplicable with some fields due to ethical considerations. Therefore, for the fields that luck quantifiable and definable variables, a researcher may find it challenging to use the experimental research method. This is because research works in such fields are required to be falsifiable and repeatable. 3.2 Opinion Based Research Methods This method usually requires a researcher to collect quantitative data for use in experimental design. In this method, measurements are arbitrary, and they follow the interval or ordinal pattern. When a researcher wishes to test preferences and emotions as he quantifies data collected from a sample, the use of questionnaires proves sufficient. Opinion based methods are cheaper than experimental ones. Moreover, they provide room for emotions and opinions of the participants, which allow for a directional approach; also aid in measuring intensity (Neuman, 2003). This research can also be performed through the quantification of behavior, where researchers apply a numerical scale that measures the intensity of behavior. Since a way of defining variables is lacking in this method, it is applicable for behaviors or emotions are measured. Although this method lacks the strength of the experimental research, it presents the advantage of being replicable. Additionally, its results can be fals ified. 3.3 Observational Research Methods This is a composition of varying research methods, requiring investigators to observe phenomena with minimal interference, e.g., case studies (William, 1997). The method tends to apply ordinal or nominal scales during measurement. It is usually applied when the research problem lacks clear definition, and in situations where questions are expected to arise during the study. It is mainly utilized in behavioral studies, anthropology, and social sciences. Although its experiments are not easily falsified and replicated, it offers useful insights that promote human knowledge. 4 Recommendations Opinion Based Research Methods is recommended as the good compromise which conducting research. This is because of their cost effectiveness and ease of their applicability. Furthermore, it does not involve the transfer of the sample, and; therefore, there is no behavioral change. Their strongest point is that their experiments are replicable and easily useful to other researchers. 5 Conclusion Some of the factors that affect the establishment of a conclusion are reliability and validity of measurement. Observations represent the empirical evidence, while conclusions are the results of logical thinking. For the research to be of benefit to everyone, they should provide a way of examining their observation, as well as their logic. This examination is meant to establish if similar conclusions are attained. Observatory errors may be as a result of misinterpretation, measurement problems, or unlikely random cases (William, 1997). Finally, it is important to note that the effectiveness of a method depends on research type, and no one method is beneficial to all kinds of research. Buy custom Research Design in the Dissertation Process essay

The Struggle For Individuality Essays - Existentialists, Free Essays

The Struggle For Individuality Essays - Existentialists, Free Essays "The Struggle for Individuality" Richard Wright was a young man of extreme intelligence and openness to speak his mind. Richard?s writings in "Black Boy" are a collection of his alienation, not only from white society, but from his own people. In Richard?s boyhood there was virtually no chance for a personality such as his to develop freely. Everything conspired against personal freedom, not only the white social structure, but the black as well. Richard was treated brutally and tyrannically at home in order to prevent his being treated the same way or worse outside of home and especially in the white society. His family tried to enforce a code of conduct on him, so when in the presence of whites he would not be harmed. The family was trying to convey to Richard that black children must never strive to be more than black children; if they did, not only would they suffer a terrible fate by the white people, but their families would as well. This was a method of limiting one?s individuality, fortunate! for Richard he overcame and aspired to become a great writer. Richard?s struggle for freedom and individuality started at a young age with the brutality from his family and the black society. We see this very early when Richard is beaten, almost to death, by his mother and father for setting the house on fire. On could argue that the beaten was justified, but the extreme method of this beaten can not be justified. It appears that Richard was more afraid of the punishment he would receive from his family, rather then the punishment he would receive from the white people. He shows this when he is fighting with white boys on his way to the grocery store and his mother keeps sending him back to purchase the groceries. "I have the choice of being beaten at home or away from home" (p20) He chose to fight the white boy?s rather then get beaten by his mother, this helped build his individuality. This brutality within the family continued with other members of his family after his mother became ill. This was to ensure that he learn the c! ode of conduct that he should follow towards white people. Richard?s greatest struggles were with Granny and Aunt Addie, as they tried to control his individuality. Richard attends the Seventh-Day Adventist school taught by his Aunt Addie and rebels against its strict rules. While in school he was faulted and punished by his Aunt Addie for throwing walnut shells on the floor, which he had not done. Richard stood by his street gang code of not telling on someone for faults they committed, because of this he was punished again. Richard did not excel in school while his Aunt was his teacher. Once Richard transfers to the public Jim Hill School, he excels academically and gains friends. Richard was finally given up as a lost cause by his family; they expect nothing of him anymore, so he was free to do as he chooses. Richard now is no longer one who struggles against his family in order to win their approval, so he turns his rebellion to the outside. Richard growing awareness of a world outside his own, starts with inquires of his mother on the subject of white people. Richard feels that he may be late in learning to sense white people because he never really thought of them, they just existed. Also, the fact that "?tardiness in learning to sense white people as white people came from the fact that many of my relatives were ?white? looking people" (p27) His mother tries to protect him from seeing his condition for what it is. Richard?s mothers and family?s efforts to make him comply with the standards set by a white society succeed only insofar as Richard could take care of himself. They failed, however, in keeping him unconscious of his own individuality. His inquires continue of black and white people. Richard?s openness of asking questions and making statements to white?s lead to a view of the brutality and rejection of blacks by whites. This restricted the ability of the Negro to strive for individuality. Richard?s home and school life

Strategies to Proofread Effectively

Strategies to Proofread Effectively Listen to what Mark Twain had to say on the subject of proofreading, and then consider our 10 tips for proofreading effectively. The difference between the almost-right word the right word is really a large matterTwains well-known observation appears at the top of the Language/Writing page of a universitys continuing education website- just above a blurb for Mistake-Free Grammar Proofreading. Except that Twains line is misquoted, and the word lightning is twice misspelled as lightening. Twain himself had little patience for such errors. In the first place God made idiots, he once observed. This was for practice. Then he made proof-readers. Yet as an old newspaper reporter, Twain knew full well how hard it is to proofread effectively. As he said in a letter to Walter Bessant in February 1898: You think you are reading proof, whereas you are merely reading your own mind; your statement of the thing is full of holes vacancies but you dont know it, because you are filling them from your mind as you go along. SometimesNo matter how carefully we examine a text, it seems theres always one more little blunder waiting to be discovered. Tips for Proofreading Effectively Theres no foolproof formula for perfect proofreading every time. As Twain realized, its just too tempting to see what we meant to write rather than the words that actually appear on the page or screen. But these 10 tips should help you see (or hear) your errors before anybody else does. Give it a rest.If time allows, set your text aside for a few hours (or days) after youve finished composing, and then proofread it with fresh eyes. Rather than remember the perfect paper you meant to write, youre more likely to see what youve actually written.Look for one type of problem at a time.Read through your text several times, concentrating first on sentence structures, then word choice, then spelling, and finally punctuation. As the saying goes, if you look for trouble, youre bound to find it.Double-check facts, figures, and proper names.In addition to reviewing for correct spelling and usage, make sure that all the information in your text is accurate.Review a hard copy.Print out your text and review it line by line: rereading your work in a different format may help you catch errors that you previously missed.Read your text aloud.Or better yet, ask a friend or colleague to read it aloud. You may hear a problem (a faulty verb ending, for example, or a missing word) that you havent been able to see. Use a spellchecker.The spellchecker can help you catch repeated words, reversed letters, and many other common slip-upsbut its certainly not goof-proof.Trust your dictionary.Your spellchecker can tell you only if a word is a word, not if its the right word. For instance, if youre not sure whether sand is in a desert or a dessert, visit the dictionaryRead your text backward.Another way to catch spelling errors is to read backward, from right to left, starting with the last word in your text. Doing this will help you focus on individual words rather than sentences.Create your own proofreading checklist.Keep a list of the types of mistakes you commonly make and then refer to that list each time you proofread.Ask for help.Invite someone else to proofread your text after you have reviewed it. A new set of eyes may immediately spot errors that youve overlooked.

Fiber Optic Cable use in the European Market Annotated Bibliography

Fiber Optic Cable use in the European Market - Annotated Bibliography Example Moreover, the study has also found that the technology has been improved since the use of fiber optic cables was first introduced. Fiber optic cables have also been the favored choice of communication for Europeans as it has been found that they are able to handle all forms of services with optimum efficiency1. This article says that the optic fiber cable network in Europe offers speeds of up to 10 gbps and is capable of providing as many as 80 channels per cable. The additional motivation behind the heavy use has been the provision of closer spacing of transmission signals both within the frequency as well as the time domains. Fiber optic cables are also capable of transmitting over very long distances (in the range of 500-1500 kilometers) without the need for any form of regeneration midway. In fact, the study of Electronicast suggests that it is the pressure for increasing bandwidth that as been fueling the need within networking companies to opt for the fiber cabling option. The article further states that the trend has also been encouraging fresh research into developing and producing cables with higher speeds and bandwidths2. This article from min... This article from mindbranch has highlighted that the increase in demand for fiber optic cables within Europe has put a huge stress on the supply capability of manufacturers and delays up to periods of up to 1-1.5 years of less are very common. However, in anticipation of this demand and supply imbalance, some of the major network companies have entered into agreements with cable manufacturers that assures them of a periodic and timely supply of fiber optic cables during the agreement period. This has in a way helped the major industry players in getting over the problem of cable shortage. Network service providers in Europe have also sensed this problem and have given importance to the future increase in network traffic. In order to be able to cut down on the costs, they have resorted to using only a portion of the network bandwidth and have left the other parts unutilized so that they can provide for cables with higher speeds in the future without any major overhaul of the existing cabling. With an increasing demand, the total worth of optical fiber cabling in Europe will rise to $20 billion by 2010, up from the $10 billion as on 20053. Yankee (2006), a long look at optical transport: Ultra long haul and submarine systems. New York: Yankee group. It is also worth mentioning about a short article from the Yankee group that has provided information on the nature and volumes of optic fiber cables in Europe. According to them, the total length of fiber optic cables installed in Europe has increased tremendously, with Western Europe accounting for a 22% increase, which was even more than the whole of north America put together. This suggests that the use of fiber optic cables has been more preferred in Europe. Estimates put the rate at 10% by

Factors affecting mortgage interest rates Essay

Factors affecting mortgage interest rates - Essay Example As far as the business world is concerned, people have ventured into many different ways of acquiring capital as well as property. They have gone as far as borrowing money from financing institutions as loans which they commit their real property as security. Mortgage financing institutions as a capital market has since.Mortgage is money borrowed as loan from mortgage institutions to finance real property acquisition. It is usually paid back in specified periods, installments and interest rates. There are several factors that affect these mortgage interest rates in any given transaction and they vary from one financial institution to another. Us government debt is whereby the government raises funds from the public through issuing of debt instruments to finance its projects and debts. Treasury bill rates are defined as a short-term debt instrument of one year or less issued by the government to raise money from the public. After the maturity period, the government will pay back to th e bill holder by selling him or her at a discount as matter of fact when the treasury bill interest rate increase, the mortgage interest also increases because the debt instrument encourages buying more security for the benefit of the prevailing rates. Money in circulation will hence reduce due to its demand and so fewer funds are available to facilitate property acquisition, this therefore forces the financial institution to raise mortgage interest as they are in high demand.... reases the public will invest more on the debt instrument and consequentially the mortgage interest rates increases since there will be high demand for funds for property purchasing Treasury bonds are long term debt instrument issued by the government to the public. They are issued to a period of 30 years with interest being paid quarterly to the bondholder. If the interest rate is low the public will be mean to invest on them and hence mortgage interest rate due to the fact that demand for money to finance mortgage is low. Factors arising from Federal Reserve board. Federal reserve board is a government run board to oversee the banking system in US. Federal fund rates affect the mortgage interest rate. These are rate charged on loans that are given by depository institutions overnight These interest rates lead to increase in mortgage interest rates in that for example if a depository institution lends money to another, it has to charge a certain interest. Then the receiving institution has to raise its interest rates when lending money to the public so as to offset the interest charged by the other financial institution. To effect this, the New York foundation development governs all these transactions. Federal discount rates are interest rates charged to commercial banks as well as other depository institutions for money they receive from other financial institutions operating within the Federal Reserve. These rates are usually above the prevailing market interest rates. The mortgage financial institutions, which in this case are the commercia banks, and the depository institutions will have to increase the interest rates to their clients due to the fact that they have to recover the Federal

Hispanic in united states Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Hispanic in united states - Research Paper Example C. Nelson and Marta Tienda noted, â€Å"Hispanic as a label combines colonized natives and their offspring, foreigners and political refugees under one ethnic umbrella, but coherence of this label is questionable on theoretical and historical grounds† ( Oboler, 1995). It is evident that some researchers have pointed out the political cost of the debate while other researchers have identified its demographic connotations of census definitions since 1930s. The label â€Å"Hispanic† arrives from time of arrival, language, race and minority status (Oboler, 1995). Understanding the ambiguity of the term, Joan Moore and Harry Pachon raised referred to the concept as â€Å"racial minority or simply another predominantly Catholic ethnic group like the Italians for example† (Oboler, 1995). According to Pastora San Juan Cafferty and William McCready, â€Å"policies are created for Hispanics which help some and ham others because there are in one sense no generic Hispanics† ( Oboler, 1995). Revolution in the global economy and its bang in US labor market have opened a new paradigm for immigrants from Latin America. They deal with a fall of industries like clothes making, providing untrained, admission level jobs to recently arrived populations in United States (Oboler, 1995). According to the results of Census 2000 there is a remarkable increase in the Hispanic population form 1990 and has increased from 22 million to 35.2 million. The total Hispanic population is categorized into two groups: A. native Hispanics- those born in US who possess Hispanic heritage and B. foreign born Hispanics they either have or do not possess US citizenship. It is estimated that both these categories contributed to the increase in Hispanic population, but the foreign born Hispanic population experienced surprising growth in their population owing to the enhanced immigration (Grieco,

Block diagram Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Block diagram - Essay Example The block digram of the YAMAHA DM1000 shown above can be divided into functional blocks as below: 1) Analog inputs and outputs section. The input section has input conectors 1_16 through which to connect the microphone and line level sources, and 1_4 OMNI IN connectors though which line level sources are connected.SLOT(1_2) are used to offer AD/DA conversion and digital I/O interfaces.SLOT1 has 1-18 lines connected to the input patch. SLOT 2 has 1-18 also connected to the input patch( bus bar). Both slots are connected together to surround monitor. The sorround has a Pan function which places the sound image within a two-dimensional by using a multichannel playback system and so pans the image to the front, rear,left and right in relation (Collins 2011). The XLR connectors are wired in the sequence that follows:pin1 to ground,pin 2 to hot(+) and pin 3 to cold (-). Inputs 1-16 accept line-level and microphone signals in the range -60dB to +40dB. These inputs have a switchable +48V pow ering for use with condenser type microphones and the direct buses and the swiches turn the phantom power ON/OFF. The signal then passes through PAD switches which attenuate it by 20dB and through rotary gain controls used to adjust input sensitivity which range from +40dB to -40Db when PAD is on and from -16dB to -60dB when its off. The signal passes through the AD which convert the analogue signal into digital form. LED signal indicators light up when the input signal level is 20 dB below the nominal value and the PEAK indicators light up when input signal level is 3dB below clipping. The signal is then passed to the INPUT PATCH via the connectors 1-16. 2) Input chanel section This iswhere the signal level and tone inputs are adjusted and roputed to Bus 1-8,Stero Bus,SOLO Bus and Aux Busses.The signal flows as follows: The phase (Ð ¤) section switches the phase of the input signals. Signal passes on to the gate which is a dynamic processor for gating or for ducking. The signal th en pass through a metering unit. From here, its passed through a Compressor that has a dynamic processor used as a compressor,expander or limiter. It can be a pre-Equalizer, pre-fader or post fader. The signal then goes through the attenuator which attenuates or amplifies the signal to be fed to the Equalizer. The 4-band equalizer is parametric and features four band, i.e. high, high-mid, low-mid, and low and is connected to a metering unit. The signal the flows to the Input Delay that enables the signal to be delayed so as top fine tune the timing between channels or as a delay effect with feedback. The On/Off switches allows for the channel to be turned on or off (mute). The Level adjusts the input level of the Input Channel signal (Collins 2011). The INSERT is used to patch input signals to external devices through the on-board I/O connectors or I/O cards or to insert the internal effect processors. The Meter switches the metering position of the signal levels that are then displ ayed on the meter page. The PAN section adjusts the settings of the signals routed from the input channels to the Stero Bus. The AUX Send level adjusts the level of the signals routed to Auxilliary Out 1-8 either from the pre-fader or from the post-fader. These Channel parameters are stored in the channel libraries as appropriate. 3) Input patching Here the input signals presnt at the input ports 1-16, OMNI IN 1-4 and inputs to the SLOTS 1 are patched

Biology of health and illness - the digeative system Essay

Biology of health and illness - the digeative system - Essay Example Digestion starts in the mouth where digestive juices are produced to convert the different types of foods (Garrow, Ralph & Philip 2000). The relaxation and contraction of the wall muscles in the organs enables the easy movement of foods as well as mixing the contents of the food. The food is then stored in the stomach and blended with the digestive juice produced by the stomach walls and it’s later transported to the ileum. Here, the foods are mixed up and dissolved in the digestive juices produced by the liver, pancreas and the intestines. The final process the nutrients are absorbed by the walls of the intestines while the undigested food proceeds to the large intestines where stored and later released as feces. The transportation of nutrients to the other parts in the body is enhanced by the blood and nerves (Smith & Morton 2001). There are however some factors that have a negative effect on the process of digestion, one of these factors is malabsorption. Malabsorption is t he condition where the nutrients are not absorbed in the intestinal walls during digestion. After the breaking down of the foods, they are blend with the digestive juices to produce nutrients which are then absorbed by walls of the small intestines to generate energy. The various types of malabsorption include sugar malabsorption for lactose, fat malabsorption for which is mainly caused by a fault in either the bile ducts, small intestines or the pancreas. Nutrient malabsorption is caused by failure in transportation of nutrients such as iron and minerals. Malabsorption is mostly caused by disorders in the walls of the small intestines. The intestinal walls are made up of the villi and microvilli that are responsible for providing a large surface for absorption of nutrients. Therefore a fault in any part of the small decreases the surface for absorption. Faults in the intestinal walls are mainly caused by diseases such as celiac and Crohn's. However, some faulty intestinal walls are due to infections by bacteria, parasites, virus and certain drugs such as alcohol and antibiotics. Some of the external symptoms of malabsorption include loss of hair, swelling of some body parts and dry skin. Malabsorption causes illnesses such as anemia, heart failure, gallstones, rickets and Osteoporosis which affects the bone strength. The other condition that affects the process of digestion is malnutrition. Malnutrition is the situation where the diet that a person takes is not sufficient to meet the nutrient requirements in the body (Sizer & Whitney 2010). For digestion to take place efficiently the body needs adequate quantities of various nutrients which include minerals, fats, carbohydrates, proteins and vitamins. One of the reasons for malnutrition is due to lack of food due to hunger. The other cause of malnutrition is when a person’s diet is limited to foods with no nutrients (Brynie 2002). Malnutrition may also be caused by situations where the body requires mo re energy than the body is generating. These factors lead to the lack of essential nutrients in the body. Malnutrition may also be caused by certain medical conditions that affect some organs of the digestive system. The lack of different nutrients in the digestion process cause different types of malnutrition thus varying symptoms (Sizer & Whitney). However the general symptoms of malnutrition are fatigue, loss of weight and fainting. The treatment to malnutrition is replacing the nutrients so

Block diagram Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Block diagram - Essay Example The block digram of the YAMAHA DM1000 shown above can be divided into functional blocks as below: 1) Analog inputs and outputs section. The input section has input conectors 1_16 through which to connect the microphone and line level sources, and 1_4 OMNI IN connectors though which line level sources are connected.SLOT(1_2) are used to offer AD/DA conversion and digital I/O interfaces.SLOT1 has 1-18 lines connected to the input patch. SLOT 2 has 1-18 also connected to the input patch( bus bar). Both slots are connected together to surround monitor. The sorround has a Pan function which places the sound image within a two-dimensional by using a multichannel playback system and so pans the image to the front, rear,left and right in relation (Collins 2011). The XLR connectors are wired in the sequence that follows:pin1 to ground,pin 2 to hot(+) and pin 3 to cold (-). Inputs 1-16 accept line-level and microphone signals in the range -60dB to +40dB. These inputs have a switchable +48V pow ering for use with condenser type microphones and the direct buses and the swiches turn the phantom power ON/OFF. The signal then passes through PAD switches which attenuate it by 20dB and through rotary gain controls used to adjust input sensitivity which range from +40dB to -40Db when PAD is on and from -16dB to -60dB when its off. The signal passes through the AD which convert the analogue signal into digital form. LED signal indicators light up when the input signal level is 20 dB below the nominal value and the PEAK indicators light up when input signal level is 3dB below clipping. The signal is then passed to the INPUT PATCH via the connectors 1-16. 2) Input chanel section This iswhere the signal level and tone inputs are adjusted and roputed to Bus 1-8,Stero Bus,SOLO Bus and Aux Busses.The signal flows as follows: The phase (Ð ¤) section switches the phase of the input signals. Signal passes on to the gate which is a dynamic processor for gating or for ducking. The signal th en pass through a metering unit. From here, its passed through a Compressor that has a dynamic processor used as a compressor,expander or limiter. It can be a pre-Equalizer, pre-fader or post fader. The signal then goes through the attenuator which attenuates or amplifies the signal to be fed to the Equalizer. The 4-band equalizer is parametric and features four band, i.e. high, high-mid, low-mid, and low and is connected to a metering unit. The signal the flows to the Input Delay that enables the signal to be delayed so as top fine tune the timing between channels or as a delay effect with feedback. The On/Off switches allows for the channel to be turned on or off (mute). The Level adjusts the input level of the Input Channel signal (Collins 2011). The INSERT is used to patch input signals to external devices through the on-board I/O connectors or I/O cards or to insert the internal effect processors. The Meter switches the metering position of the signal levels that are then displ ayed on the meter page. The PAN section adjusts the settings of the signals routed from the input channels to the Stero Bus. The AUX Send level adjusts the level of the signals routed to Auxilliary Out 1-8 either from the pre-fader or from the post-fader. These Channel parameters are stored in the channel libraries as appropriate. 3) Input patching Here the input signals presnt at the input ports 1-16, OMNI IN 1-4 and inputs to the SLOTS 1 are patched

Language Development in Infants and Toddlers Essay

Language Development in Infants and Toddlers - Essay Example Similarly, for toddlers you can do the same activity by teaching him complex adjectives like heavy and light, beautiful and ugly, wide and narrow, shallow and deep, by pointing out such objects for him and making utterances. For example, lift a heavy suitcase and utter, â€Å"Ooooooh! How heavy it is†, and he will grasp the idea that big things are heavy. Morphemic Knowledge Morphemic knowledge teaches children the word structure (Otto). For infants, it is a very good activity for the parents to read stories to them at bedtime. My mother used to tell fairytales to my brother when he was an infant and he always seemed to respond with his goo-goo, and he would fall down to sleep very quickly. I remember that he had started talking much earlier than any of us siblings. A similar activity for toddlers can be hearing from the toddler at night how he passed his day. He would make a story of it and would also make mistakes, like saying, â€Å"I drinked milk†, instead of  "I drank milk†, but the parent should repeat the corrected sentence instead of interrupting him, like saying, â€Å"Oh really you drank milk!† Doing so will teach him morphemic knowledge. References Otto, B. (2007). Literacy Development in Early Childhood. Reflective Teaching for Birth to Age Eight. USA: Pearson/Merrill Prentice Hall.

Filipino Values Essay Example for Free

Filipino Values Essay †¢Close Kinship a Filipino considers family as an important social structure that they must love and care. Close family ties results to the family still being intact regardless that the children are old and with families of their own. †¢Respect for Elders the use of â€Å"po† and â€Å"opo† in conversing or addressing older people is a sign of a Filipino’s respect for the elders. Filipinos do not send their elders to nursing homes because they still value the worth and presence of the elders at home. †¢Hospitality – the Filipino community are very warm and hospitable. They even give â€Å"PASALUBONG† (WELCOME GIFTS) AND â€Å"PABAON† (FAREWELL GIFTS) TO GUESTS. AT TIMES, THEY SACRIFICE THEIR OWN COMFORT TO ACCOMMODATE THEIR GUESTS VERY WELL. †¢Strong Faith in God their faith in God keeps them united to overcome all the problems and challenges of life. †¢Flexibility / Adaptability / Resiliency the Filipinos have the trait to laugh at themselves and THEIR MISFORTUNES OR FAILURES. THIS IS A COPING MECHANISM TO BALANCE EMOTIONAL STRESS AND TO BOOST THE CAPACITY TO SURVIVE. THEY CAN SMILE IN MIDST OF PROBLEMS AND HARDSHIPS. THEY CAN STILL CRACK JOKES DESPITE THE STRESSES OF THEIR DAILY LIVES AND DURING CALAMITIES. THEY ARE STRONG AND CHEERFUL PEOPLE. †¢Ingenuity and Creativity they are good inventors. They often improvise and make productive use of available resources. †¢Patience and Self-sacrifice a remarkable quality of a Filipino is his capacity to endure difficulties and hardships. Maybe related to the long suffering they endured during the many colonization in Philippine history. They are patient enough to wait for their turn to be blessed with greener pastures as long as they do what is right and good. †¢Hard work and Industry Filipinos are globally recognized for their excellent performance in any physical and technical tasks. Maybe visible due to the desire for economic security and advancement for one’s self and family. †¢Readiness to Share and Help – they’ re always ready to lend a hand, not only in times of need (CALAMITIES OR DISASTERS) BUT ALSO IN FESTIVE OCCASIONS (â€Å"FIESTAS†, BAPTISMS AND WEDDINGS). THE â€Å"BAYANIHAN† SPIRIT, OR GIVING HELP WITHOUT EXPECTING SOMETHING IN RETURN, OF A FILIPINO IS WIDELY ADMIRED. NEGATIVE VALUES †¢ Fairness and Justice – they always show concern for the well-being of others. They uphold the humanity of all people and regard everyone with respect and empathy. They are keen on interpersonal relationships, their primary source of security and happiness. Fairness Justice – Equality – Social Justice – Development Progress. †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å"Ningas Kugon† – â€Å"kugon† is a kind of grass that burns easily when dry but extinguished easily as well. Like the cogon grass, Filipinos start things with great enthusiasm but at the first sign of difficulty, the enthusiasm is consumed as fast as it has ignited. †¢Colonial Mentality – Filipinos prefer foreign-made products instead of patronizing Philippine-made ones. This result to higher gains for foreign businessmen than local businessmen. Thus, it motivates Filipino businessmen to improve the quality of their products to make it more competitive against foreign ones. †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å"Mamaya Na† or â€Å"Bukas Na Lang† Habit a poor habit, a sign of laziness, of leaving for a later time what can be done at the moment or today. Thus resulting to stacked workload to be done and then complain about it. †¢Crab Mentality a troublesome trait evident in a Filipino where when one sees the progress of a comrade, the other becomes resentful rather than happy for the achievement. Rather than to praise, he would highlight everything negative about that person in an effort to bring him down or destroy his reputation. They would focus on other’s own faults rather their own inadequacies. †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å"Patigasan† most Filipinos find it hard to say â€Å"I’m sorry† or â€Å"pasensya na†. Their precious pride always gets the best of them. †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å"Kanya kanya† a trait which shows self-centeredness and lack of regard for others. There are Filipinos who give priority to what they and their families could have, rather than what they can do to share their wealth and serve others better. This trait shows poor signs of patriotism, loyalty to community, and concern for the needs of others.

Acquisition of Nursing Critical Thinking Skills Strategies

Acquisition of Nursing Critical Thinking Skills Strategies Aims Aims are general statements of the expected educational intentions of the subject taught (Butt, 2006). The aims of the lesson are: 1. To provide nursing students with opportunities to acquire critical thinking abilities necessary for distinguishing genuine patients 2. To enable students to apply and implement the learnt critical thinking strategies learnt in actual practice with human patients. 3. To provide opportunities for students to develop critical thinking skills and practice clinical decision-making with appropriate faculty guidance. 4. To equip the students with the necessary assessment skills required in identifying patient problems, analysing these problems in terms of their implications for the underlying disease processes and psychosocial needs, and taking actions to optimize the recovery situation. Learning Objectives Learning objectives are specific and measurable targets to be attained by students taught (Kerry, 2002). By the end of the lesson, the student shall be able to: 1. Recall knowledge and facts learnt in class. 2. Apply the comprehension thinking to articulate and establish the relationship among data. 3. Apply the concept learning new hypothetical situation to arrive at correct answer. 4. Apply the analysis in breaking problems into components and examine the components to establish trends and evidence generalization. 5. Present items or thoughts together in new ways-synthesis. 6. Evaluate arguments for validity or relative worth of a view point or process based on established criteria. Teaching Philosophy The teaching philosophy for lessons is derived from social and situational theories that put focus on relationships and interaction between individuals as basis for learning process (International Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Worasinchai Ribiere, 2014). The theories hold that students must engage in meaningful discussions and conversation with one another in order to learn from them. I hold the view that students learn best from their peers. Consequently, peer learning shall be done in every teaching session. Teaching Strategies Teaching strategies are methods and processes the teacher uses to engage student and facilitate the learning process (Programme for International Student Assessment., Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. 2010). These strategies are outlined below. 1. Peer learning. Peer learning is a learning strategy that entails students learning from themselves in pairs or groups (Frankland, 2007). For peer learning section, the teach er shall group students and provide task for each group to perform. Peers shall together to set up a support network for group learning and support. 2. Observation and feedback. The teacher provides clear, honest, detailed and objective feedback on the learner’s performance so they may identify areas in need of improvement or levels of achievement. 3. Demonstration Demonstration is a type of learning that involves exhibition and explanation of the concept, process, procedure, idea or experiment (Sankaranarayanan Sindhu, 2012). A student will be allocated to perform as a patient with a scenario, and the students will talk to him while he answers them. 4. Reflection. Reflection involves careful consideration of concepts, ideas, knowledge, beliefs, processes and information on the basis of its premises and conclusions that supports it (Suqerman, 2000). Time to make sense of things will be given after the performance of the human stimulator to make sense of everything. 5. Lecture A lecture is a method of teaching that involves the presentation of the subject through talking (Jarvis, 1995). The teacher will explain various concepts in class. Lecture time shall be used by the teacher to teach students about the topic for the session. 6. PowerPoint Presentation The teacher will make a short presentation to introduce the topic and key issues. Procedure The teacher makes a 15 minute PowerPoint presentation followed by a 15 minutes pre-test (multiple answer questions) given to students. Session begins, each having 120 minutes 1. The teacher gives a 15min lecture to students. 2. 15 minutes pre-test given to students (7 multiple answer questions). 3. Teacher asks one student to pretend as patient and the rest of students as the student question. The demonstration and practice on human stimulator as patient last for 20 min. 4. Students can ask reflection questions on the demonstration for 10 min. 5. Students give 10 min break. 6. Students placed in groups and asked to discuss the concept learnt with their peers for 20 min. 7. The teacher gives students observation feedback for 15 min. 8. 15 minutes post-test given to students (5 multiple answer question). Rationale Critical thinking is an essential skill learnt by students studying to become nurses. It is defined as a process of intellectually and actively conceptualizing, using, analysing, synthesizing and assessing information to guide action or belief (Higgs, 2008). Critical thinking is based on intellectual competencies such as clarity, accuracy, breadth and precision and logic (White, Duncan Baumie, 2013). Nurses use critical thinking skills to apply model and theories learnt in their studies to patients (Cody Kenney, 2006). Nurses are required to make well-reasoned clinical decisions derived from reflection and critical thinking. To this end, they are taught critical thinking strategies equip them with skills needed to make decisions reasoning. Critical thinking enables the nurses to establish the needs of patients and make a decision on the most appropriate nursing action to take (Brunner Smeltzer, 2010). Some nursing schools offer critical thinking course as a separate unit requiremen t. Others integrate its concepts in other related course subjects. Irrespective of how nursing schools approach the teaching of critical thinking skills, it remains important in nursing practice. Critical thinking according to Watson and Glaser has three elements. These elements are skills, knowledge and attitude (Hersen Thomas, 2003). A critical thinker must be motivated to look at the problem and find solutions to it. He or she must also have good understanding and knowledge of the problem (Bradshaw Lowenstein, 2011). More importantly the person must have the appropriate skill to apply and knowledge to resolve problems (Andrea, 2009). Nurses are confronted by problems that often need quick and appropriate solutions. For instance, a nurse is expected to make a decision on whether to call a doctor or ignore when the patient conditions deteriorates. His or her decision can either save the patient’s life or lead to death. Hence, they require training on critical skills to equ ip them with abilities to make independent judgement and assessment patient’s conditions (Lyer, 2006). Nurses apply critical thinking skills in various aspects of their work. In assessment, nurses use critical skills to gather relevant data from patients through interview, observation or from records (Comer, 2005). They must also have critical thinking skills to differentiate important from non-important data and validate the data using other data sources. In diagnosis, they use the skills to organize data into patterns, establish a relationship between data and make a comparison between patterns and theories (Wilkinson, 1996). Again, the skills are used to explore individual assumptions on patients’ conditions and make a judgment on patients’ health concern and explain those concerns to the clients. In planning, critical thinking skills are used to identify patients concerns, find out desired health outcome and choose suitable intervention. On the other hand, i n the implementation, nurses use the skills execute interventions make comparison of baseline data and prevailing status. The teaching plan for the delivering the topic ‘Strategies for the Acquisition of Nursing Critical Thinking Skills’, Incorporates entrenched teaching practices and learning theories. The teaching plan is more students centred. Student-centred learning put emphasis on discovery of knowledge as opposed to passing information (Cook Sittler, 2008). Only 50 minutes out of 120 session minutes are dedicated for teachers’ active involvement in class. The remaining time is taken up by student-centred teaching methods that include peer teaching, demonstration, and reflection. These student centred methods of teaching support social learning theories that focus on peer learning as most suitable method of acquiring knowledge. Given that the program involves the development critical thinking skills, students can learn better by applying what they have lea rnt by interacting with peers. The demonstration part of the teaching gives the student opportunity to identify a problem and use learnt skills to solve it. They are expected to extract useful information from the patient and use it to understand the patients concerns. These tasks require critical thinking skills. The course content for teaching critical thinking skills is very elaborate. It encompasses key areas of learning that include the development of critical thinking skills and characteristics of a thinker. Besides, the learning outcomes have all been considered in the development of the teaching plan. Consequently, the plan meets the key requirement of teaching plans. Teaching plans have aims, procedure and resources (Mariotti, 2009). This information is captured in the template and it relates to the main topic. Apart from course content, there are sections of the plan that are to provide information on situational factors that may have effects on the learning critical think ing skills. These sections include learners’ entry level and special needs. Reflection in action Reflection is a philosophical understanding of how one can pick up learning through experience and use distinctive methodologies to the same situation (Nairn et al. 2012). It is also the persistent process of active thinking and putting into consideration the supporting evidence that forms knowledge to a given scenario. Critical reflection is facilitated by a person’s mind and emotions. According to Vachon and Leblanc (2011), reflective practitioners are characterised by open-mindedness, whole heartedness and responsibility. Reflection prior to action is essential for impacting learning and teaching because it allows for the teaching plan to cater for individual learners based on theoretical conceptualisations of their needs and interests. I was, therefore, prepared to meet the students, interested and motivated to learn how to apply critical thinking in the field of nursing correctly. I also anticipated that the use of a variety of teaching strategies such as PowerPoint prese ntation, discussion questions, a brief demonstration, group work and group discussions would cater for the different learning styles of the participants. For the teaching and learning process to conform to how critical thinking is practised, I therefore saw it very vital to modify strategies and approaches during the presentation to meet demands that were not catered for in the planning phase. In delivering the lecture, I was quite confident as I have worked as a clinical nurse in hospital for three years, giving students necessary skills for working in a lab area, hospital or other working environment. The allotted time for my lecture was 15 minutes, but my teaching plan was structured to cover a slightly longer time frame. I, therefore, had to make a decision to adjust some of the strategies and to approach some aspects of the lesson differently from what was outlined in the teaching plan. To ensure that students understood well this concept, I took the initiative of not following the teaching plan as initially outlined. The PowerPoint presentation was the first to be presented. However, there was no enough time for questions from the students, as well as discussion hence clarification of the unclear concept, was not successful. I went on to demonstrate the procedure of acquiring critical thinking while repeating the initial PowerPoint presentation. This demonstration helped to clarify any concerns the participants would have had from the initial presentation. This is because they had a chance to view the step-by-step procedure. My experience facilitated the quick movement through the procedure without neglecting relevant details and therefore the students were able to understand the process. I gave each student the opportunity to demonstrate the procedure. Each student constructed a checklist which he or she would use to perform the procedure. Thereafter, each student demonstrated the procedure while one of the other students explained to the students what was being done. The modifications I made to the teaching plan were important because they met the stated objectives within a given timeframe. The reflective process that I followed in order to make the adjustments was essential, and is terms as reflection in action (Ely Scott, 2007). Feedback played a key role in the process. From the comments made by the students in their fifteen-minute post-test, I believe that the process of reflection was successful. Although there were constraints such as non-adherence to the teaching plan and time shortage, the objectives of the teaching session were successfully met. The students reported that they got an understanding of how to perform the procedure, the steps to follow and the order in which those steps are followed. In addition to the students reporting that they are able to understand the procedure, I was able to estimate how well they understand the procedure based on the demonstration and narration that they exhibited. During each demonstration, I observed the student performing the procedure, and whenever a mistake was being made, I quickly pointed it out so that the correction could be made immediately. With these corrections, they were able to understand the procedure even better. The students themselves were able to reflect in action, revealing that in any learning situation all parties have to be actively involved in reflecting on and modifying practice (Rubenfeld Scheffer, 2010). In general, the teaching session was a decent experience for me. I discovered that in conveying teaching sessions, the instructor must consider the needs of the understudies and that their individual learning styles must put into consideration. Outcome criteria The outcome criteria are another important process in nursing. In this process, what nurses have been learning and practicing is put into practice. To accomplish the objective of this process, the students demonstrated knowledge of the performance procedures, risks and precautions related to acquisition of critical thinking in nursing by producing a ten-minute reflective paper, earnestly taking part in group discussions , airing their views, coming up with reflective questions and comments, teaming up in the making of an itemized informative agenda on the most proficient method to perform the process and doing a demonstration of the technique. Evaluation of teaching Amid this stage, I measured how well the students had understood the procedure. The key purpose of this stage was to gather information to assess the nursing consideration. The stage is simultaneous or on-going on the grounds that I assessed and settled on a choice amid the usage period by the students of the methodology. One of the key exercises that I carried out at this stage was to measure the attainment of the objective of goal and the modification of the teaching plan because I found out that it did not achieve the objectives (Bradshaw Lowenstein, 2011). To ensure that the evaluation process was successful, I issued the students with post-test sixth week of the teaching session. The post-test comprised a fifteen minute questionnaire where they had to tick in the boxes next to what was useful to them during the session. Moreover, by completing the questionnaire, I was able to see that the teaching session was successful because it met the criteria that all the notes that I had given them were relevant. Moreover, I ascertain that the procedure for acquiring critical thinking was well described and performed satisfactorily. Interviewing was also another criterion that I used to evaluate the teaching session. After interviewing the students, they said that they had gained a vast knowledge in the field of nursing especially in the application of critical thinking. They also said that through the demonstration and presentations in the class, they were able to gain a lot of knowledge that they would apply in their future career. I also picked two students who expressed a high level of performance as well as two who expressed a low level of performance and learning. I asked them to explain to me their views pertaining to the session, and they had different ideas. The high performing students said that the session went smoothly and that the objectives were successfully met. However, the other two students had some complaints. These complaints act as the basis for future recommendation in my teaching sessions. The students complained of inadequacy of time for discussion. This was quite a challenge because some students were not able to hear from each and every member of their group. This triggers me to allocate enough time in my next teaching session to avoid the issue of time constraint. The students also suggested that not all learning materials were available for the session hence recommended that in my next session that I ensure that they are in a capacity to access the internet. They also recommended that to ensure they are in a capacity to meet their learning objectives well they should be taken to a hospital setup where they can observe how the skill is applied. In summation, in my next lecture, I will evaluate of the entire learning session in the form of peer review. Here, I will ensure that the students make comments on each other’s procedure, commending good techniques and highlighting errors or oversights. I will also make appropriate general comments on the students’ performance of the procedure by making any further clarifications. Finally, I will require the students to complete a feedback evaluation of the lesson.

Essay --

The world is going through great clinical developments in the field of medicine and treatment . Where researchers through their experiences they try to find an end to many diseases And one of the Successful approaches is using originate cells to treat diseases for example Parkinson's and diabetes. So we can say that treatment utilizing stem tissues came to remedy the problem of diseases that medicine could not handle. Even though drugs deal with many illnesses, there is continue to a lot of conditions that treatment could not handle. I really believe that stem cell therapy as an effective alternative for the management of incurable ailments but exactly what is stem tissue? ?and exactly where do they originate from ? ? Stem cells are unspecialized tissues that have two most important features that make them different from other cells in the human body. First, they can increase their numbers for too long periods by means of cell division. Second, every time a stem mobile phone divides to hundreds of originate cell , each and every new originate can separate during early on life of them, and become specialized cells like red blood flow cell , muscle mass cell, human brain cell , or nerve mobile. In this century, scientists started out research concerning how to use originate cells to treat incurable illnesses. As well as they extracting embryonic stem adult and cells originate cells to increase the number in scientific labs.. Scientists found ways to derive embryonic originate cells from early mouse embryos almost 31 years ago, in 1981. The comprehensive study in the biology of mouse stem cells generated the discovery. At a later time , in 1998, of a strategy to derive stem cells from human embryos a nd expand the cells in the lab. ... ... I believe all this information about stem cell treatment will really support scientist to accrue numerous diseases .additionally my inerview with Mr.Mohamad Farooq , I believe that stem mobile is very important and this will be useful later on .Also , he explained to me , that stem cell therapy is very expensive because it needs doctors and manpower .He add an additional point ,that they must make sure that the cells are healthy and ready to use. In general , he was highly agree about stem mobile therapy . To sum up , originate cells really are important for living organisms .Exclusively for treating illnesses such as diabetic issues, and cardiovascular disease. In my perspective , this way of treatment will truly help unwell people and offer them the opportunity to treat . lastly , I really wish in future to be more useful and anyone can treat with stem mobile.

Dialogue

Receptionist : Taman Negara Resort Hotel. Good Morning, can I help you? Encik Mansor :Good Morning, this is Encik Mansor. I would like to make a reservation for four days three nights. Can you tell give me the exact location of the hotel? Receptionist : Oh,ya! Our resort is located right within Malaysia's premier national park. It is a natural sanctuary set in the best kept natural Rainforest overlooking the Tembeling and Tahan rivers. Encik Mansor :OK. Look like very interesting . What is the best way travel from Kuala Lumpur to yours resort?Receptionist: To get to our resort, from Kuala Lumpur you will have to take the Kuantan Highway, it will take about 3 hours 30 minutes to Kuala Tahan ( Taman Negara). Drive right ahead to Kuala Tahan. After about 2 hours on the road look for the junction to the left to Rainforest Resort. Alternatively, if you intend to travel by boat, proceed on to Kuala Tembeling Jetty Point you can park your car at Kuala Tembeling. Encik Mansor: Wao! The journ ey is so far!Receptionist: Ya, The total journey from Kuala Lumpur to Mutiara Taman Negara Resort will take approximately 7 hours. Encik Mansor:It doesn’t matter. Then I have three children will belong us go to the trip, so what activities that can attract my children at the resort? Receptionist: How old are they? Encik Mansor:They are all below 12 years old. Receptionist: There have a park who are called ( Native Orange) stay at Kampung bong. Inside the park, there have several types of birds , their numbers reach about 350 type of rare tropical birds.In addition, you also can bring your children visiting Kg. Orang Asli. Orang Asli is the local natives, they are gentle folk who lead a nomadic lifestyle in Taman Negara. At there, you can see how they making fire in a traditional way and try their hunting weapon – blow pipe. At night,there have experience night jungle walk with nature guide, visit Tahan Hide and see the nocturnal animals come alive. Encik Mansor:For my children, Is it their activities are safety? Receptionist:Of course! Oh Ya!There have also a interesting activity called Canopy walk. It give an experience on the longest suspension bridge in the world, there is about 510M long and 45M above the ground level . You must bring your children go over there ,because when you walk on the top of the forest, you can enjoy the flora and fauna along the canopy. I think it is the best experience is yours life! Encik Mansor: Good job! That is why I want bring my children go over there. Then, how about for adult?Receptionist: For those people, you can try the jungle trekking. It is along the most adventures trail about 1. 7Km to Bukit Teresek, takes about 30 minutes to 45 minutes to reach its peak. In additional, you also can exploring cave. Inside the cave, there have various bats, racer snakes and many fascinating insects. If you want to play some water activities, rapid shooting is the best choice, that is because rapid shooting is an exhilar ating ride that faces seven rapids along Tembeling River.On the way back, if you want to swim in crystal clear water, you may ask the boat to stop at one of the beautiful streams. Encik Mansor : So many activity that we can join. I think it is quite good for us. So,how much are the rooms? Receptionist:Now, we have a promotion for family package. Family suites available for RM 350. It just for 2 adult and 2 children . If you need a extra bed, It is RM60 per each. Encik Mansor : That is great ! So,I need a family suite and a extra bed! The total is RM410 is it? Receptionist : Ya,that is right!Encik Mansor : Is it have swimming pool in the resort? Receptionist : Yes. In our resort, that also have restaurant, bar, Library, Laundry, Mini market , Souvenier shop, Entertainment room, gym room, it is very convenient. Encik Mansor : I will been there at December 3 to December 6,totally for 4 days, can I booking now? Receptionist: Ya,of course! I will booking for you . So anything else? Encik Mansor : No. Receptionist : Very thank you for your reservation and hope you have a nice day. Encik Mansor : You are welcome! Receptionist : Good Bye ! Encik Mansor : Good Bye !